Literature Review

Sunday reading task : Shitala satam

Hello readers !


        Welcome to my blog. Why we followed religious rules and rituals. If we don't know the  meaning of that rules and rituals, then that is problematic. In India we see that many rituals , that is somehow meaningless. If any reason we get then also we not identify and clarify the meaning of rituals. Many times we see that educated people also believe that type of religious rules.

     In many Political members  speech we find that "देश बदल रहा है". But that reformation we noticed in people's cloth, his/ her outlook and fashion style. But people's mentality not change for that foolish orthodox and rituals. I confess modern India is different but which way , weather people's mentality is modern or only clothand life style is modern.

      This blog is given by Dr Dilip barad sir as task for Sunday reading activity.

Shitala Saatam : 

     This festival come in the pavitra month of Shravan  . In every village we find that Temple of Shitalaa ma . Most of people believed strongly in this rituals, In the day of  Sataam all women going to Shitalaa temple for puja, pray for his child.

         They don't think about Shitalaa is not any kind of Devi but that is the one disease of that century. People don't think rationally but only imotionally. Women who fear about her child's health and future that's why who rigidly follow the rules.

1) Edward Jenner and the history of smallpox and vaccination.

        
       " In ancient times in India smallpox was prevented through the tikah (inoculation). Kurt Pollak (1968) writes, "preventive inoculation against the smallpox, which was practiced in China from the 11th century, apparently came from India". This inoculation process was generally practiced in large part of Northern and Southern India, but around 1803-04 the British government banned this process. It's banning " - D.P. Agrawal and Lalit Tiwari.

     Edward Jenner, who has pioneer of Smallpox vaccine. Who had English physician. Click here to know more about Edward Jenner and Smallpox.

2) Read paper on the claim that India first started to cure smallpox before the West : 

https://www.infinityfoundation.com/mandala/t_dy/t_dy_Q14_frameset.htm

     In this paper we got the information , what is truth and what false about founder of smallpox. 

   "In science credit goes to the man who convince the world, not the man to whom the  idea first occurs". 
                                      - Francis Galton

In India also find that many way to fight with Smallpox but people believe in religious things rather than science. So Edward Jenner who found the vaccine and convince the whole world, that's why we called pioneer of the smallpox vaccine.


3) As the concept of worshiping goddess Shitalaa is failing and with thay questions are raised against the practice of eating cold food, the new breed of nationalists have emerged to justify it as practice to overcome deficiency of vitamin B12. See the letter in gujarati.

      In this occasion of Shitala saatam  one rules is there that is to eat 'Cold food'.  Let's see why people eat cold food, very few people know the disease and deficiency of vitamin B12. Because of this disease many people eat cold food But those who suffer in this disease they can't eat  this food  but get injections. And those who not eat cold food that all not suffer from this disease.

3) As the concept of worshiping goddess Shitalaa is failing and with they questions are raised against the practice of eating cold food, the new breed of nationalists have emerged to justify it as practice to overcome deficiency of vitamin B12. See the letter in gujarati.


      So we can say that People not think rationally. " શીતળા માતાના ભક્ત ક્યારેય rationally વિચાર કરતા જ નથી , કે શા માટે ટાઢો ખોરાક ખાવાનો, શીતળાનુ રસીકરણ પણ કરાવશે અને માતાના ડરથી પુજા પણ કરશે ,પણ કોઇ જાણવાની કોશિશ નહીં કરે કે શા માટે આપણે આવા નિયમોનું પાલન કરવું જોઈએ, તેનુ કારણ શું છે".

One of the Hindi devotional movie is based on Shitala saatam and all the things, that is "sheetala Mata" by Ramgopal gupta.If you want to watch movie then click here.


                  Sheetal Mata movie (1981)

This movie released in 1981 . If any diractor make movie this type of unbelievable truth then what we say comman people. In T. V. Screen shows Shitala Mata and also protagonist who has totally believe in religion. Why any diractor don't make movie about what exactly the disease  of Shitala, there is no any goddess of Shitala  and Edward Jenner.  May be This type of movie made  a strong belief in this misconception. Think about it...,

Thank you

Dryden: An essay on Dramatic poesy

Hello friends !

    Welcome to my blog. This blog is about Dryden's essay " An essay on Dramatic poesy". Dryden was an  English critic and poet. Dr. Samuel Johnson said that who was father of english criticism.  This task is given by Dr Dilip barad sir in " flipped learning". We have to listen the six videos , then write a concept of the video and write down atlist one question from each video. If you want listen and watch the video click here.

  • Concept and ideas which I liked from a short video:

First video

  •  Lecture on Dryden as a father of english criticism Neo-classical critic and definition of play :
   In this short video Dr. Sanjay Mukharjee very well explained about why Dryden different from Neo-classical critic , why who had known as a father of english criticism and also the definition that given by Dryden.In which I liked most that is , which way he had explain the definition by Dryden.

    "A just and lively image of human nature representing its passion and humours and the change of fortune to which it is subject, for the delight and instruction of mankind".

This definition campare with the Plato and Aristotle's view and his definition. Plato said about poet's merely a copy and a second hand imitation.

Second video
  • Lecture on Dryden as critic and title of the essay:
      In this video speaker talk about Dryden who was known for his poetry but here he talks about which way he was known for his criticism. And also other thing what is the meaning of title , why Dryden choose this title.

    Speaker said that Dryden was classicisit , not a blind classicist. Who had  written this critical work in  dramatic poetry form. In which we find that four characters:

  • Eugenius ( Charles sachville)
  • Crites ( Sir Robert Howard) 
  • Lisideius ( Sir  Charles Sadly)
  • Neander ( Dryden himself)
    The meaning of title " An essay on Dramatic poesy" is the poetical art for drama.

Third video
  • Lecture on Dryden's definition of play:
In this video speaker talk about the definition of play by Dryden.In which highlights the point like that jast and lively, representing human nature, the word delight used here not a pleasure and also peace of mankind.

Forth video

  • Lecture on camparative criticism of the ancient the moderns and the French playwrights :
          This video is about we find that the argument that can we built something separately, do we subaltern, Do we need to look back to the ancient , Do we need only follow them. I like this question.

     But when we compare the four characters in Dryden's work with, that is not only a character but actually a person.
  • Crites: who argues in favour of the ancient.

  • Eugenius : who had favoured the moderns ovro ancient.

  • Lisideius: he argued that French drama is superior than english. 

  • Neander: he favoured English drama without  disparage the ancient and say about critical things to say of French drama.


 This thing discussed here with very well explanation. And also discussed that what is the effect of king Charles who studied and lived their.

Fifth video:


  • On the debate regarding appropriateness of rhyme and blank verse.
Here we find that the controversy regarding use and avoidance of rhymes in Dryden's essay. In which dryden said that "serious play written in verse" , but he himself  not written serious work in verse that is " All from love" . So here we find that his strong point becames a weak one. Crites begin objecting this thing. In his defence Neander takes last half of definition and he says the ultimate goal to provide delight and pleasure. The dramatist write a serious play then audience not feel pleasure so writer should write in verse that through audience feel plasure. But the main argument is there after a time he himself not followed this style.

Sixth video
  • Lecture on controversy regarding the rhymes lines  v/s the blank verse.
      In thi sixth video, discussion about crites and Neander's argument about using rhyme and blank verse. Neander who stands for the use of rhymed word. But crites argued that "Rhyme is unnatural to the play, so it should not be it is not a proper way to carry the just and lively image".

   Another argument is ' without premeditation, it is impossible to express or speak' . This type of argument we find here.

  • Here I am written one question from each video:
  1. In this first video we find that Plato up to Sidney there's a touch of Ideal representation. So what is the ideal representation? 
  2. What is the doctrinal approach?
  3. In the play instruction should be delightful for mankind Why?
  4. Why lisideius said that French drama is superior? 
  5. Crites argument against Neander is appreciated or not? 
  6. In this video mentioned that ' No one without premeditation speak about  in rhymed' in this reference what is the premeditation?
Thank you......

Task on " The Purpose"

Hello readers!

Welcome to my blog. Every person have his different purposes for live the life,No one live life without purpose. Here  I would like to talk about T. P. Kailasam's The purpose. This task given by Vaidehi ma'am . If you know more about 'THE purpose' and this task then  click here to visit Vaidehi ma'am's blog.

  • First briefly know about T. P. Kailasam:

Thanjavur paramasiva kailasam(1884-1946) was the prominent writer of Kannada  literature. His contribution to Kannada theatrical comedy earned him the title  'प्रहसाना पितामहा' that means " the father of humorous plays". And later he was called " one and only kailasam for Kannada". He was known for  wit and satirical commentray on society.

  This play 'The purpose' based on Indian great epic Mahabharata's adiparva . But here kailasam's perspective different from  great Ved vyas.  Here kailasam speak about Eklavya's purpose and his perspective.

Post- viewing task:

  • Campare and contrast Arjuna and Eklavya's character :
      In Mahabharata we find that different story than T.P.Kailasam's 'The purpose'. In Mahabharata Arjun was not rude and arrogant at all, he was mature and good hearted man. But here Kailasam tell a story from Eklavya's point of view.

    In Kailasam's the purpose we find two characters that is different and contrast with each other , that is Arjun and Eklavya. Let's look for which way  both character contrast with each other:   
    In this way both character contrast with one another. 
  
      When we campare both character then we find that both of ambitious  and they worked hard for made them goul and dream complete. Both of hardworking and ambitious that is the one similarity of them.

  • What is subaltern? Who do you think is the subaltern of this play ?

     General meaning of 'Subaltern'(click here to  watch video on subaltern) 'A person holding a subordinate position specifically. From the latiL roots "sub" means 'below' and "alternus" means 'all others'.  The term is also used to discribe someone who has as a poor person living under a dictatorship. A subaltern is someone with a low ranking in a social, political or other hierarchy. It can also mean someone who has be marginalized or oppressed.

        Eklavya is the subaltern of this play. Who had marginalized by upper class  , prince Arjuna. This thing we find Arjuna's dailogue:
Arjuna disgust in his face and voice:

    " Like you ? I do not like you! I dislike you ! Very much !"

(Leering at Eklavya) : " Gurujee.... To take you! A nishaada !!... As fellow pupil of us royal princes ! You must to think of it! ".


  • Write your views about education system in India with reference to past and present time :
       
        The history of Indian education has its roots to the ancient ages where they followed the Gurukal system – a system where the students resided in the house of their teacher until the teacher felt that he has imparted all that he could. The subjects taught varied from Sanskrit to Scriptures.




 However, this system was changed during the Colonial era. While the ancient system included more interaction with the nature, the modern system was more classroom oriented. In India present education system becames business, no one who thinks about students future and India's future. 
See the picture


If education is good then and then India became a well economics condition. I think the education system some points very boring one.

In ancient time don't aloud to woman education but in modern times woman can also going to school and learn .

       Government of India  try to make "ભાર. વગરનું ભણતર" but that thing not followed properly. In many cities we find that expansive tution classes. I think we have to improve our education system.

  • Is Dronacharya an ideal teacher ? If yes then how ? And If no then why? Explain with examples.
   
     Yes , at  some point we can say that  T. P. Kailasam's Dronachar is an ideal teacher. Because of his behaviour towards Eklavya. He has never behave rudely with Eklavya. He was ready to teach Eklavya,If Arjuna was not interfere and say about his promise towards him. Dronacharya's humble behaviour with his students showed his idealness.

    In the dialogue of Arjuna we find that situation of Dronacharya :
    Arjuna:
          " Gurujee you seem to have forgotten all about the promise ,you have made to Taataajee not to take in any more pupils until you have finished training us ! ".

     Dronacharya was faced this type of situation from Bhishama ,do not teach any other pupil. And gave promised. So he was not take Eklavya as a student. After all Dronacharya was an ideal teacher.

  • Write something about your experience like Eklavya or Arjuna with any teacher during your study phase till now.
     When I was in 7 th standard, I had participate one quize competition and I win the competition with second rank. So on that day prize not ready so our sir decided to got prize on 26 th January. So on the day of 26 January ,I was very happy because " I got prize" . But then very bad Tragedy happened with me because one of the person. When 1st number declared I was almost ready for second prize. But my name was not there. I was out of the rank list. Then I told to sir , but not find any solution and  no one think about it. That is the bad experience of my life.

Thank you.......

Thinking activity And Movie Review on Hamlet

Hello readers
 
   Welcome to my blog. This thinking activity is given  by Dr Dilip barad sir. We watched Hamlet's movie at English department, M. K. Bhavnagar university. Many diractor make movie on Shakespeare's Hamlet. This movie is diracted by  Kenneth brenagh, also who had played a lead role of Hamlet. Kenneth brenagh was known for this type of literary movies.

 

  •    " Post- viewing task" :

How faithfulis the movie to the original play ?

  I think Kenneth Brenagh's Hamlet is totally faithful with Shekaspeare's Hamlet. Each and every scene , dialogue and character we find in Brenagh's Hamlet related to original text. Hamlet is the great play by Shakespeare, that's why many director make film on this text.  Many director are cutting the scene,and sometimes not followed same dialogue pattern as make by author. In movie some of the character not speak as much as dialogue that written by author,so that's why Character loose their charm. But in Kenneth Brenagh's Hamlet we find that every character and scene as in original text, totally related to Shakespeare 's Hamlet.

After watching the movie have your perseption about play, characters or situation changed ?

 We read the book and after watching the movie that gives us better understanding of the text. After watching Hamlet movie my perseption was changed about some of the situation and character.  Before watching the movie ,I am not clear about some situation and character, what is exactly going on character's mind. Specially Gertrude's character many dialogue, I can not understand  clearly so watching movie is worthful for me. After watching the movie all misconception about text, is clear.

Do you feel ' aesthetic delight' while watching the movie ? If yes, exactly when did it happen? If no, can you explain with reason ?

  Yes , I feel 'aesthetic delight' while watching the movie.  Beginning of the movie we see the huge statue of King Hamlet and welath of Denmark give us aesthetic delight.


This picture shows wealth of Denmark. In the  scene play within the play  ,I feel aesthetic delight. Which way Hamlet guide them, Hamlet's intention is clear to watch Claudius expression . In this scene people of Denmark enjoyed a lot.

Do you feel 'catharsis' while or after watching movie ? If yes, exactly when did it happen? If no , can you explain with reason ?

Yes , I feel catharsis while watching the movie . In  Kenneth Brenagh's Hamlet we feel Catharsis in many scene and situation. Many scene is there but I mostly effect by scene of Ophelia's madness.

    When we look for Ophelia's character ,I feel pity for her. She is very beautiful lady with good and kind heart. She loves Hamlet, there is no fault of her. Hamlet's behaviour towards Ophelia is changed ,he talk with cruelly. In the nuneri scene we find that situation.
             
            

 Does screening of movie help you to better understanding of the play ?

Watching the movie help us to better nnderstanding to the original text. Reading of the book gives us information. But we see the movie then and then we understand the background of the ara , what is going on in background that all the things we understand here. In watching  movie we understand clearly what is the play.

Was there any particular scene  or moment in the movie  that you cheroch lifetime ?

The last scene of movie , when main character fight with each other this scene is cherished me. Because there is situation like ' બેના ઝગડામાં ત્રીજો ફાવે' .  There is a situation like this proverb, clodiuse and Hamlet fight with each other and kill by one other. That's fight help to fortinbras. Without any affart who won the kingdom. That scene through we get message.  That scene cherished me a lot.


 If you are director what changes would you like to make in the remaking of movie on Shakespeare's Hamlet ?

  This movie is directed by famous director Kenneth Brenagh who  was the famous director. If  I directed this movie then I  would like to change the some of the part.
In the last we find that Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are death. In  one sentence we find this news ,no one who care about those two characters. I would like to shows his death in movie. Because that two chatachar represent the middle class people.

 In the beginning of the movie camera roll over the statue of the king Hamlet outside the Elsinore castle. The movie ends with the similar sequence where in the statue of the king Hamlet is hammered down to the dust. What sort of  symbolism do you read in this ?


   In Kenneth Brenagh's movie we find that good camera work. In the opening and ending scene symbolised alot about  moral message. In opening scene we find that statue of the king Hamlet. It shows great empire of Denmark. And in last  we see that similar sequence where the statue of King Hamlet is hammered down to the dust. This ending scene symbolised many things like that.
- Great empire broke down because of the revenge.
- Because fortinbras become king
- King Hamlet 's vision  to take revenge is not good.

While studying the play through movie ,which approach do you find more appliable to play ? Why? Give reason with illustration.

 I think Moral and philosophical approach  is more applicable to this play. Other approaches also appliable but this one is more appropriate. This approach more appropriate because  Hamlet, main character of the play feel moraly down. He was the student of philosophy that's why every situation he applied his philosophical view.

Thank you.....

  



Girish karnad: Controversial obituaries

Welcome readers!

        This blog is about famous  Indian writer Girish karnad. Who passed away on 10th July 2019. This task given by Dr. Dilip barad sir. This blog is response to Dilip barad sir's blog , click here to visit his blog.


Girish karnad: Controversial obituaries

    Girish karnad was the famous writer, film actor, director and playwright. When one person got a success then People talk about his possitive and negative points. Exactly same happened with Girish karnad.

   After his death people tweet and talk about his life and people like
Sandeep Balakrishana said that:

Girish karnad was a “outstanding political pamphleteer, artful dodger, fine actor, a mediocre director, and a terrible playwright.” So look for ' what kind of man he actually was, away from the stardom'. 

    He was known for his different thinking and his strong belief. He won the many awards for his play. He opposite with our prime minister and remarks that he was dengerous man.He was publicly allow the cow slaughter , this way he was Hindu hater. Many time he was opposite with Hindu rituals. In the year of 2018 he participates in a programme to commemorate the anniversary of lankesh murder with a playcard hung around his neck that 
        "Me to urban naxal"


So ,we can say that one who write greatly that can't greatly effect on people and not good at all.