Thinking activity : Renaissance Literature in Comparison to Other ages

 This blog is about Renaissance literature in comparison to other ages.

     So, Here l would like to mention different ages like,

•      The Restoration age
•      The Neo-classical age
•      The Victorian era
•      The Puritan ara

  So, let's discuss about what is the similarity between the Elizabethan age and the Restoration period.

•  The Elizabethan period is the golden period of enEngli history. This era known as an age of Adventure, so the dreams and deeds increase side by side and dreams in ever greater than the deed. That is the meaning of Elizabethan literature. But in Restoration period that all imagination com plete break, the Restoration people believed in present, the real and the material.
•  The literature of the Restoration period marked the complete, breaking of ties with the Renaissance literature. It reflected the spirit of the age.
• The Restoration of the English named by  took place in 1660 when king Charles-2 returned to England,it is quite different and contrast to the  puritan age.
•  The Renaissance gave wings to human power but the Restoration brought awareness of human experience. We can put Renaissance on  one side and the Restoration on the other . This age changed  puritan attitude. This world was given importance, so cheerfulness sports, music and dance came as a part of life.
• The Renaissance writer not write realistic way of life but the Restoration literature is realistic. It was very much concerned with life in London,and with details of dress, fashions and manners.
• Elizabethan poetry is influenced by drama,poetry found new field of expressing the emotions. In the poetry of the Restoration period is formal, intellectual and realistic. In it form is more important than the subject matter.S.A.Brooke writes:

                 "The artificial style successed to any extinguished the natural,or to  put it otherwise, a more intellectual poetry in which emotion always accompanied thought."

•  Comparison between the Neo classical age and Renaissance age:
  
• This age known as many name like Elizabethan age ,that name is The classic age, The  Augusten age, The age of Queen Ann, The age of Reason .
• In Elizabethan age we find that the social reformation, like that here also Frist half of eighteenth century people fight for freedom and new social development, people who truly interested in learning art.
• Like mostly Elizabethan era people free for everything, people do whatever they want to do but that all the things not get esialy,they suffer a lot for your freedom.
• When we compare Elizabeth and queen Ann ,then we find that queen Ann was very rude,"she don't care about people". Elizabeth was not like her.
• In Elizabethan period's writer don't followed any tradition and rules of writing,they not written in perfect form. But this is the classic age so the writer followed the rules and  write like ancient one.
• This age known as the age of Reason or The age of Good sense,it is because in this age it was assumed that in reasoning power all men are  and  have always been equal. Every man becames his own philosopher.
• Many author published great work during this period, like Alexander pope, Jonathan swift and Addison's  work, and the famous novelist like Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richardson, Henry fielding.

Comparison between the Victorian age  and Elizabethan age: 

     

• Victorian literature is the literature produced during the reign of Queen Victoria (1837-1901)A.D. During this time England was undergoing a tremendous cultural upheaval; the accepted forms of literature , art and music had undergone a radical change.
• In Elizabethan age we find that Romantic event But in Victorian age that is going to Realism,one experience the feeling of a return from solitude to society, from nature to industry, from concepts to issue, from spiritualism to pragmatism, from optimism to agnosticism, from lyricism to criticism and from organisation to compromise.
• Like Elizabethan era here's Also we find that reformation in the early Victorian period the reform of first railway and it's first reform parliament,but it was also  time of economic distress.
• In Elizabethan era ,no woman who write  literature and also not have any power.By the end of the Victoria's reign, woman could take degrees at twelve universities.

Comparison betweenThe puritan age and Renaissance literature:

• The puritan age in which the puritan movement is the second Renaissance. The puritan standard s prevailed in England and also because the  greatest literary figure john Milton (1608-1674) was puritan.
•  In puritan age we find that struggles between church and  parliament.
• In Elizabethan age writer who write about love and romance,But in puritan age no place for feeling of love and romance.
• puritan movement is known for intellectual awakening of Europe and also reformation not only moral but political.
• When we compare Elizabethan writer or puritan writer,they totally opposite to one another. Like Shakespeare and Milton.
  
• So Shakespeare written about love and romance and Milton who  write his own supremcy. His two great work is paradise lost and paradise reign.

Brief note about English author:

          

                Edward James Hughes

      James Hughes was an english poet and children's writer. Critics frequently rank him as one of the best poet of his generation,and one of the twentieth century's great writer. He became poet laureate in the year from 1986 until his death. In 2008 The times ranked Hughes forth on thier list of "The 50 greatest British writers since 1945."

• Born: 17 August 1930
• Place:Mytholmroyd, England
• Died: 28 October 1998
• Place:  London, England

Hughes life and career:

      

    He was famous writer of his time. His mother could trace her ancestry back to William de Ferrieres, who came to England  with William the conqueror in the 11th century.

  His father, William, a joiner,was of Irish descent and had enlisted with the  lancasLanc FuailiFus and fought at Ypres. 

   Hughes loved hunting and fishing, swimming and picnicking with his family.  He attended the Burnley Road school until he was seven. During his the time in Mexborough, he said he would come to know " better than any place on earth." 

   His earliest story "The Rain Horse" were recollections of the area and the earliest poem " The Thought Fox"  In 1946, one of Hughes poem "Wild West" and short story  were published in grammar school magazine, The Don and Dearne followed by  further poems in  1948.

   During the same year Hughes won an  open exahiexhib in English at Pembroke college, Cambridge but chose to do his  national service first.

 His famous work:

•  The Hawk in the Rain (1957) attracted considerable critical acclaim.
•  Crow (1970)
•  Prose poem " Gaudete"

 In addition to his work and poetry Hughes wrote a number of translation of European plays mainly classical ones his "Tale From Ovid"(1997) 

 He was died in 1998, because of the Myocardial infarction ( heart attach).

Thinking activity Worksheet: Aristotle's Poetics (Short Video Lectures, Quiz and Questions)

This blog is answer of five questions that is given below:

Question:1

              

           How far do you agree with Plato's objection to freedom of expression and artistic liberty enjoyed by creative writers ?

        Yes, sometimes I agree with Plato's objection to freedom of expression and artistic liberty enjoyed by creative writers. Each person have freedom of expression. But plato
Think that is not good for our society. Any literary texts , movie ,T.V. serial not give a chance to think rationally.they present thing in way that we can't understand What we have to see ?

•    Here I want to give one example that is T.V. serial " Ring Rong Ring"
•     
  
•     In this T. V. serial we find the concept about magic ring.  The main character Mansi  have a magical ring. This ring through she create many things. But in our real life we can't get any magical power. So that is an untruth of life. So this point of view plato's objection is right ,we know that is an unreal but then and then we like to watch and we said that " l wish,l have that magical ring". So this thing  we find here through Plato's objection.

 Question: 2

         With reference to the literary texts you have studied during B.A. programme write a brief note on the texts which followed Aristotelian literary tradition.

        In my B.A. programme,I have studied "Othello" by William Shakespeare . Othello i the great tragedy and  followed Aristotelian literary tradition. So let's discuss about concept of tragedy,

•    Concept of tragedy:

             In this tragic story Othello is the protagonist,an African general for the Venice army Othello has just married his wife Desdemona. Throughout the play Othello is challenged by Iago, who works under him. Iago was the villain and provides the drama, he represents the antagonist. Who is destined to ruin Othello and his marriage. Nothing good becames of this play.  By the end of this tragedy both Othello and Desdemona are dead, because of Othello's jealousy. No one who happy in this play. So that is the concept of the tragedy.

•  Catharsis:

             In Shakespeare's Othello we find that catharsis . Othello ,an ambitious resentful and just plain malicious soldier named Iago brings  about the downfall of his  captain. Iago said that Desdemona cheating on him. Then Othello goes mad with  jealousy and eventually kills his own wife. After learning his wife was in fact faithfully. Then Othello feel  regreat. Othello's suicide is cathartic for readers, we feel pity for Othello. That is the catharsis in  Othello.

•    Tragic hero with hamartia:

            Othello, The protagonist of the tragedy is a tragic figure because he is a man of great character and some virtues  but brings about his own doom due to a tragic flaw. He is great military and he even has the gentleness to behaviour and the power of speech and understanding.
           Othello has the terrible fault because of his jealousy, he attempted own wife's murder. That is the tregic  and shocking about Othello.

Question:3

       Have you studied any tragedies during B.A. programme write a brief note on the texts which did not followed Aristotelian literary tradition.
 

     "Hairy ape" is written by Eugene o Neill's. This tragedy known as modern tragedy. This play's subtitle is'A comedy of ancient and modern life'that is ironical." Hairy ape" is don't followed Aristotelian literary tradition. According to the Aristotle tragic hero must fall and suffer owing to his error of judgement in his life. This was considered  necessary because the fall from greatness of a great man would not be tragic but merely shocking. This would make us doubt the goodness of god or the power that soul. We also know from Aristotle's opinion that the tragic must suffer for his fault not for other's hostility. In this respect, yank, the hero of the play  different from  the tragic  heroes of Aristotle . He does not suffer from any fault of his own but because of the attitude of others towards him.

Question: 4

      Have you studied any  tragedies during B.A. programme ? Who was / were the tragic protagonist's in those  tragedies, What was thier'hamartia'?

     " Hamlet" is written by William Shakespeare. In this play Hamlet is the protagonist.
     Hamlet's hamartia or  tragic flaw is his need to find the truth. If he had stuck to his protagonist beliefs. He  would viewed his father's ghost as a demon. He would not have pursued his investigation and he would not have found his end in the manner he does. That is leads to Hamlet's downfall.

Question: 5

    Did the 'plot'of those tragedies follow necessary rules and  regulations proposed by Aristotle?

      According to Aristotle's word we find that "plot is the soul of the tragedy"the plot must be have the beginning, the middle and end. Also plot must be complete, having unity of action. The plot have certain magnitude.
   
     In the play of Arthur Miller's  "All my sons" we find completeness of Aristotelian thought. " All my sons" fall into the category for classical Greek tragedy  because  the tragic hero,Joe Keller suffer from hubris or the sin of too much pride ,and because of this sin he makes a tragic mistake Which ends up causing his death. Joe's behaviour is responsible for his tragic circumstances,it is not by accident that he ends up commuting suicide . Aristotle's thought on chain of cause and effect, relationship between Ann and Chris comes to an end. Once Ann reveals the letter that she received from Larry and admites to having ordered Herbert to ship the faulty machine parts. In the middle Chris's relationship that he is now "practical" is tragic.  And also we find that the whole  plot is complex.


                        Thank you